Kune vanozviti Iberian hams inosiyaniswa nyore nyore pakutanga kuona. Isu hatina kunyatsojeka nezvazvo, sezvo yemhando yepamusoro serrano ham shoma Inogona kuva nechitarisiko chekunze chakafanana neiyo yeIberian ham. Uye zvakare, kune dzimwe mhando dzenguruve dzeCentral Europe dzinogovana akawanda morphological maitiro neiyo Iberian musiyano, iyo kunoita kuti kusiyanisa kunyanye kuoma ziso rakashama.
Uye kana izvi zvisina kukwana, Hatifanire kuvimba neruvara rwemahwanda zvakare.: Kune zvienzaniso zvenguruve dzeIberia dzisina mahwanda matema uye kunewo nguruve dzinowanzozivikanwa dzine mahwanda matema.
Nezvese izvi zviri patafura, tinokukurudzira kuti uenderere mberi nekuverenga kuti udzidze zvaunofanira kutarisa kuti uzive ham yeIberian mune delicatessen kana supermarket, uye maitirwo azvo kana yakatochekwa kare patafura.
Mhando dzeIberian ham uye Serrano ham
Tisati tatanga, ngatijekese kuti ndedzipi mhando dzeham dzatinogona kuwana muzvitoro nemasupamaketi:
- Iberian acorn-fed ham: Hamu dzinobva kuIberia nguruve dzinosimudzwa zvakasununguka mumafuro. Kudya kwemhuka idzi 100% kwakasikwa uye kunosanganisira midzi, miriwo, michero, majiroji uye, hongu, acorns.
- Iberian cebo de campo ham (inonziwo recebo): Iwo makumbo enguruve dzeIberia dzakasimudzwa muhurumende yerusununguko. Kudya kunosanganisira nguva inobva pamiriwo uye acorns uye imwe inobva pane zvakasarudzwa zvekudya zvepanyama.
- Iberian bait Ham: Iyo ham inobva kurudzi rumwe chete. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti, kunyangwe ivo vakarerwa murusununguko rusina kukwana, ruzhinji rwekudya kwavo rune chikafu chakasarudzika chakasarudzwa.
- Serrano ham: Nguruve inobva kune imwe yemhando dzakawanda dzenguruve dzakajairika. Vanowanzo kudyiswa, kunyange zvazvo kudya kwavo kungasanganisira zviyo. Isati yatengeswa, nyama yenguruve inofanira kurapwa kwenguva shoma yemwedzi gumi.
- Serrano ham reserve: Inosiyaniswa kubva kune yapfuura nekuti nguva yayo yekuporesa ndeye 12-15 mwedzi.
- Gran Reserva Serrano Ham: Muchiitiko ichi, serrano ham gumbo rinofanira kurapwa kwemwedzi inopfuura gumi nemashanu.
Nzira yekusiyanisa Iberian ham uye Serrano ham muzvitoro uye masupamaketi
Zvakanaka, kwete nekuda kwechitarisiko chekunze kana nekuda kweruvara rwehwanda. Chinhu chimwe chete chakavimbika chinogona kunge chiri kunhuhwirira kwayo: kunhuhwirira kweIberian ham kunotapira uye kunopinda zvakanyanya kupfuura izvo zveSerrano ham, asi kunyangwe nyanzvi inogona kuzeza kana yatarisana nayo. bouquet inonhuhwirira yemhando yekutanga Gran Reserva Serrano ham, yakarapwa nekutarisira kukuru.
Iyo chete inoshanda uye isingakanganisi nzira yekusiyanisa imwe ham kubva kune imwe mukutarisa ndeye Teerera kune ruvara rweflange yako kana kuenderera nekunyatsoverenga iyo label. Tomu chidimbu chepurasitiki chidiki icho maIberian hams akatsikitsira pasi pehwanda.
Irwo ruvara rwematomu runotipa ruzivo rwekuziva kuti ham ndeyeIberian here kana kuti kwete uye, kana zvakadaro, kuziva kuti ndeyapi chikamu:
- Black flange: acorn-inodyiswa ham kubva ku100% Iberian pig
- Red flange kana label: acorn-inodyiswa ham kubva ku50% kana 75% yerudzi rweIberian mhuka
- Green flange: field bait/recebo ham kubva kunguruve iri 50%, 75% kana 100% Iberian.
- White flange: bait ham kubva kunguruve iyo 50%, 75% kana 100% Iberian.
Iyo inosungirwa ruvara flange paIberian hams inoiswa nemitemo yeSpanish. Saka kana ham isina dema, dzvuku, girini kana chena flange yakashongedzwa pasi pembambo, imhaka yekuti haizadzise zvese zvinodiwa kuti igonzi iIberian ham.
Panyaya iyi, patinoenda ona hams kutenga Pane imwe flange yekufunga nezvayo:
- Goridhe ruvara flange: Ihamu kubva ku50%, 75% kana 100% yenguruve yerudzi rweIberia, asi kuberekesa kwayo hakuna kuzadzisa chero chezvinodiwa kuti ham yakawanikwa kuti ionekwe seIberian ham.
Uye kuti ungaziva sei chaizvo dhigirii rekuchena kwerudzi rwemhuka kubva kunobva ham yeIberia? Nyore: ruzivo urwu runofanira kutsanangurwa neiyo nyama processor, pane inosungirwa, pane ham label.
Kune chikamu chavo, kunyangwe vagadziri veSerrano ham vasingasungirwe kusungirira makumbo avo, kune zvakare chisungo cherudzi urwu rwezvidimbu:
- Bhuruu flange: inoratidza kuti, kunyangwe nguruve isiri Iberian, ndeye Spanish mavambo uye kuti ham yekugadzira maitiro inosanganisira inokwana 12 mwedzi yekurapa uye yakasimba yemhando yekudzora.
Muchiitiko chekuti mugadziri we ham akasatevedzera chero zvambotaurwa uye osarudza nekuzvidira kusungirira zvigadzirwa zvake, anogona kuzviita. Asi nguva dzose kushandisa toni isingatungamiriri kuvhiringidzika kune mutengi wekupedzisira: kushandiswa kwemaflange kunogona kuvhiringidza mutengi chiito chinorangwa.
Kana tikasangana nehamu ine matomu, semuenzaniso, sirivheri muruvara, tinoramba tichifunga kuti chiratidzo chine chinangwa chekusimudzira kuvepo kwechidimbu, asi izvo hazvireve kuti chigadzirwa chinosangana nechero chiyero chemhando. chokwadi.
Kusiyana pakati peIberian ham neSerrano ham
Uye zvino zvatinoziva kusiyanisa, mumasekonzi, rudzii rweham yatinayo pamberi pemeso edu, ngatizivei kuti marudzi ese enguruve nemhando dzeham akasiyana sei:
Animal morphology
Nguruve yeIberia inoratidzwa ne:
- Mhuno nhete uye yakanongedza
- Nzeve pane visor
- Yakanyanya kusviba kana dema bvudzi ruvara
- Stylized uye makumbo matete pasi
- Mahwanda matema kana akasviba zvakanyanya (kwete nguva dzose)
- Tsandanyama dzine mafuta akawanda kupinda
Kune chikamu chavo, mhando dzenguruve dzinonyanya kushandiswa mu charcuterie dzinoratidzwa ne:
- Mhuno ipfupi uye yakakura
- Nzeve dzakatetepa
- Pink kana ruvara rwakanyanya kujeka
- Makumbo mapfupi uye akakora pasi
- Mahwanda ane mavara akajeka (kwete nguva dzose)
- Tsandanyama dzine mafuta mashoma kupinda
Kwakabva uye nzvimbo yekuberekera mhuka
Iberian hams Vanogona chete kubva kumhuka dzerudzi rweIberia. Kuti vanakidzwe nekufungisisa uku, vabereki venguruve vanofanira kunge vakanyoreswa kare mune inonzi Herd Book yeIberian Pig, registry ine chinangwa chekudzivirira kubiridzira uye kuvimbisa, ne100% kuvimbika, dhigirii rekuchena kwenguruve. Mhuka idzi.
Uyezve, mhuka dzose dzinofanira kunge dziri akakwidziridzwa uye akakodzwa munharaunda yechiSpanish kana yechiPutukezi. Saka ngatisashamisika kana tikawana ham yeIberia kubva kune imwe nyika yakavakidzana nayo: kana ichiratidza inoenderana inozivisa flange imhaka yekuti inosangana nezviyero zvemhando uye mabviro.
Pane zvakasiyana, Iko hakuna dzinza kana mavambo zvinogumira zveSerrano hams.. Mazhinji acho anowanikwa kubva kumhando dzakasiyana dzenguruve. duroc, kuchena kukuru, landrace y pietrain. Mhuka Vanogona kunge vakakurira mukati nekunze kwenyika yedu.
Mhando dzese idzi dzinozivikanwa nekuti hadzisi kunyanya kuda kana zvasvika pakukora. Nokudaro, zviri nyore kuwana uremu hwavo hwakanaka, kunyange kana kudya kusina kunyanya kusarudzwa.
Muitiro wehutano
Pasinei nerudzi rweIberian ham yaunoda kuburitsa, zvigadzirwa zvekutanga chete ndizvo zvinoshandiswa mukudya kwenguruve dzeIberia:
- acorns
- Midzi uye tubers
- michero nemichero
- Herbs
- Zviyo
- Zvokudya zvakasarudzwa zvakagadzirwa nemasikirwo emasikirwo
Kune chikamu chavo, kune nguruve dzakajairika dzinodyiswawo nezvigadzirwa zvechisikigo uye zvakasarudzwa, chimwe chinhu chinoonekwa mumhando yekupedzisira yeham, sezvakaita chikamu chepamusoro Gran Reserva Serrano hams. Asi vanogonawo kudyiswa chete nechikafu.
Kurapa nzira
Kurapa kweIberian hams kunogara kuchiitwa mumatura kana nzvimbo umo mamiriro ekunze akanakira. Kurapa kunoitwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakasununguka.
Kusiyana neizvi, maSerrano hams anogona kurapwa zvese mumawineri uye mumakamuri ekuomesa maindasitiri. Mukupedzisira, vanoshandisa michina yekudzikisa hunyoro hwepakati kusvika pahushoma uye mafeni kuti akurumidze kuomesa maitiro sezvinobvira, nemhedzisiro yakananga yekuti kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira kunoderera.
Organoleptic properties
Uye tinoona sei kana ndiro inonakidza yeham yakachekwa inonyatso Iberian kana, pane kudaro, mumwe munhu anoda kutipa nguva yakaoma uye iSerrano ham yemhando yepamusoro?
Zvakanaka, chokwadi ndechekuti ruvara rwezvigadzirwa zviviri izvi rwakafanana, ruchitora huwandu hwese hwemumvuri unoenda kubva kune pink toni kusvika kune yakasviba maroon toni.
Musiyano wekutanga kupinza mafuta: Iberian hams ine nyama yakazara netsinga dzakanyatsonaka dzemafuta.
Pane kudaro, magadzirirwo e serrano akanyanya kufanana, nyama inotungamira pamusoro pekupinda kwemafuta.
Ndizvo chaizvo kupindira kwemafuta kunopa Iberian ham yayo ine simba rakawanda, rinotapira uye rinogara kwenguva refu kupfuura muzukuru wake serrano ham. Mukuwedzera, mafuta anopinza anoita kuti zvive nyore kutsenga uye kumedza, izvo zvinobatsira kuwedzera kunaka kwayo.
Zvimwe chetezvo zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro pekunhuhwirira: kana tikafema zvinonhuhwirira zvinobuda zvenyama yeIberian ichangobva kuchekwa uye Serrano ham, tinozoona kuti yekutanga ndiyo. zvakanyanya kusimba uye kusanganisa.
Mutengo
Kunyangwe kutaura chinhu ichi kungaita sechokwadi, handizvo. Mari inoenderana nekugadzirwa kweIberian ham inogara ichikwira zvakanyanya kupfuura yeSerrano ham., chimwe chinhu chinoratidzwa mumitengo yekupedzisira yezvinhu zviviri zvenyama.
Naizvozvo, ngatingwarirei idzo hams dzeIberia dzinotengeswa mumatanho ekutengesa asiri pasi pekutonga kwevakuru vehutano, nemitengo iri pedyo neiyo serrano ham. Zvingangodaro, idzi dzakanaka chaizvo serrano hams, asi kwete yechokwadi yeIberian ham.
Nutritional zvivakwa uye macalorie eIberian ham uye Serrano ham
Panyaya iyi, zvese zvigadzirwa zvakafanana uye zvinonakidza. Muchokwadi, kune vazhinji vezvekudya vanosimbisa kuti ham sandwich chikafu icho, kutaura zvine hutano, chinenge chakakwana.
Chirevo chacho chinokonzerwa nekuti isanganiswa iyo chiyero pakati pehutano hwemakhahydrates echingwa uye mafuta uye mapuroteni e ham inenge yakakwana.
Uye chii chinovaka muviri cheIberian hams uye Serrano hams? Izvi zvinotevera, zvinoratidzwa muzviratidzo zvinokosha:
Iberian ham: caloric kudya uye kudya kunovaka
Hukoshi uye maperesenti akaratidzwa akatorwa zvakananga kubva kune mavara e Iberian bait Ham uye a reserve serrano ham, ose akagadzirwa neimba imwe chete.
Zviripachena, pamusika unogona kuwana hams ine hutano kukosha kwakasiyana, zvichienderana nemhando dzakasiyana siyana uye chikafu chekudya.
Kunyanya, kushandiswa kwe100 gramu ye Iberian Hamu kuongororwa inopa muviri 390 kilocalories. Uye kukosha kwayo kwekudya pa100 gramu yechigadzirwa ndeiyi inotevera:
- Mafuta: 29 gramu (65% ayo ane utano hwakanaka)
- Mapuroteni: 31 magiramu
- Carbohydrates: 1 gramu
Munyu waro uri 3,5 magiramu pa100 gramu yeham.
Serrano ham: caloric kudya uye kudya kunovaka
Kune chikamu chayo, 100 gramu ye Serrano ham vakaongororwa vane a simba kukosha kweanenge 310 kilocalories uye hupfumi hwayo huri seizvi:
- Mafuta: 23 gramu (anenge 60% ane utano hwakanaka)
- Mapuroteni: 32 magiramu
- Carbohydrates: 0,5 gramu
Munyu waro uri 3,6 gramu pa100 gramu yechigadzirwa.
Tinopedzisa nekuwedzera kuti marudzi ese ehamu ndea bhomba revhitamini, zvicherwa uye zvimwe zvakakosha micronutrients.
Mupfungwa iyi, Iberian ham ine mukana mudiki pane Serrano ham: yakakwira micronutrient content ndiyo yakananga mhedzisiro yemhando yekudya kwemhuka kwainobva.
Muchidimbu, zvese zveIberian ham uye Serrano ham ndizvo sosi yakanakisa yemapuroteni, mafuta ane hutano uye akakosha mamicronutrients. Chete chekudya chinokanganisa chinogona kuwanikwa ndeye munyu, chimwe chinhu chinogadziriswa nyore kuburikidza nekushandisa zvine musoro.